More kārikās from the Kuvalayānanda of Appayya Dīkṣita, this time on the arthâlaṅkāra known as apahnuti, which translates to “denial”. As before, my translation is loose and aims only to capture the sense, the artha, of the verses.
[1. śuddhâpahnuti ]
śuddhâpahnutir anyasyâropârtho dharma-nihnavaḥ |
nâyaṃ sudhâṃśuḥ kiṃ tarhi vyoma-gaṅgā-saroruham ||
[2. hetv-apahnuti]
sa eva yukti-pūrvaś ced ucyate hetv-apahnutiḥ |
nêndus tīvro na niśy arkaḥ sindhor aurvo ’yam utthitaḥ ||
[3. paryastâpahnuti]
anyatra tasyâropârthaḥ paryastâpahnutiś ca saḥ |
nâyaṃ sudhâṃśuḥ kiṃ tarhi sudhâṃśuḥ preyasī-mukham ||
[4. bhrāntâpahnuti]
bhrāntâpahnutir anyasya śaṅkāyāṃ bhrānti-vāraṇe |
tāpaṃ karoti sôtkampaṃ jvaraḥ kiṃ na sakhi smaraḥ ||
[5. chekâpahnuti]
chekâpahnutir anyasya śaṅkātas tathya-nihnave |
prajalpan mat-pade lagnaḥ kāntaḥ kiṃ na hi nūpuraḥ ||
[6. kaitavâpahnuti]
kaitavâpahnutir vyaktau vyājâdair nihnutaiḥ padaiḥ |
niryānti smara-nārācāḥ kāntā-dṛk-pāta-kāitavāt ||
Denial, of which there are six subtypes
1. “Pure denial” is the flat-out rejection of an object’s essential property/nature in order to impose another object on it. For instance:
“This isn’t the nectar-rayed moon.” “What is it, then?” “A lotus blossoming in the Ganges of the sky.”
2. “Denial through logic” occurs when the denial of an object’s essential nature is backed up by a reason. For instance:
“It is not the moon, for it burns; nor is it the sun, for it’s night; it is the submarine fire, arisen from the ocean.”
3. “Denial by transference” is the denial of an object’s essential property/nature in order to impose it on another object. For instance:
“This isn’t the nectar-rayed moon.” “What is [the moon], then?” “My beloved’s face is the moon.”
4. When somebody is in doubt about something, then the denial of their supposition in order to ward off their confusion is called “denial of the confused”. For instance:
“My body burns and trembles.” “Is it a fever?” “No, friend, it’s Eros.”
5. When somebody is in doubt about something, then the denial of their [true] supposition in order to conceal the truth is called “denial through skill”. For instance:
“Chattering away, he lies glued to my feet.” “Who, your lover?” “No, silly, my anklet.”
6. “Concealment through deception” occurs when the cover-up is clearly expressed by words like vyāja or kaitava, meaning deception. For instance:
“Eros’s cruel arrows fly out disguised as the beloved’s glances.”
[apahnuti]
[1. śuddhâpahnuti ]
śuddhâpahnutir anyasyâropârtho dharma-nihnavaḥ |
nâyaṃ sudhâṃśuḥ kiṃ tarhi vyoma-gaṅgā-saroruham ||
[2. hetv-apahnuti]
sa eva yukti-pūrvaś ced ucyate hetv-apahnutiḥ |
nêndus tīvro na niśy arkaḥ sindhor aurvo ’yam utthitaḥ ||
[3. paryastâpahnuti]
anyatra tasyâropârthaḥ paryastâpahnutiś ca saḥ |
nâyaṃ sudhâṃśuḥ kiṃ tarhi sudhâṃśuḥ preyasī-mukham ||
[4. bhrāntâpahnuti]
bhrāntâpahnutir anyasya śaṅkāyāṃ bhrānti-vāraṇe |
tāpaṃ karoti sôtkampaṃ jvaraḥ kiṃ na sakhi smaraḥ ||
[5. chekâpahnuti]
chekâpahnutir anyasya śaṅkātas tathya-nihnave |
prajalpan mat-pade lagnaḥ kāntaḥ kiṃ na hi nūpuraḥ ||
[6. kaitavâpahnuti]
kaitavâpahnutir vyaktau vyājâdair nihnutaiḥ padaiḥ |
niryānti smara-nārācāḥ kāntā-dṛk-pāta-kāitavāt ||
1. “Pure denial” is the flat-out rejection of an object’s essential property/nature in order to impose another object on it. For instance:
“This isn’t the nectar-rayed moon.” “What is it, then?” “A lotus blossoming in the Ganges of the sky.”
2. “Denial through logic” occurs when the denial of an object’s essential nature is backed up by a reason. For instance:
“It is not the moon, for it burns; nor is it the sun, for it’s night; it is the submarine fire, arisen from the ocean.”
3. “Denial by transference” is the denial of an object’s essential property/nature in order to impose it on another object. For instance:
“This isn’t the nectar-rayed moon.” “What is [the moon], then?” “My beloved’s face is the moon.”
“My body burns and trembles.” “Is it a fever?” “No, friend, it’s Eros.”
“Chattering away, he lies glued to my feet.” “Who, your lover?” “No, silly, my anklet.”
6. “Concealment through deception” occurs when the cover-up is clearly expressed by words like vyāja or kaitava, meaning deception. For instance:
“Eros’s cruel arrows fly out disguised as the beloved’s glances.”
No comments:
Post a Comment